What can be used to remove rust stains or scaly film from a toilet?

The use of a pumice stone to remove rust stains or scaly film from a toilet is effective because it acts as a gentle abrasive. When properly used, a pumice stone can scrub away tough stains without scratching the porcelain surface of the toilet. The stone's texture allows it to provide enough friction to remove mineral deposits and rust without damaging the underlying material.

In contrast, while soap and water can help with some light cleaning, they are typically not strong enough to tackle heavier stains like rust or scale. Acid cleaners can also be effective for certain types of mineral build-up; however, they may be too harsh for regular use and can potentially damage fixtures if not handled properly. Bleach solutions are effective for disinfecting and removing some types of stains and odors, but they do not specifically target rust or scale and can react negatively with other cleaning agents, creating toxic fumes. Thus, the pumice stone is a specialized tool that provides an ideal solution for this particular cleaning challenge.